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IT glossary: hosting, domains, DNS and SSL
Practical explanations of terms used when running a website, e-mail, domains, DNS, SSL, cPanel, security and performance tools.
Glossary entries
English glossary entries mirror the Polish content hub and link to real Hostilla.pl services.
Hostilla.pl FAQExpanded answers about cPanel, webmail, e-mail clients, DNS, SSL, WordPress, backups, security, performance and billing.
Web hostingWeb hosting is a service for keeping website files, databases and e-mail services on an internet-connected server.Domain nameA domain name is a readable internet address used for a website, e-mail or online service.DNSDNS translates a domain name into technical addresses and service records.WHOIS / RDAPWHOIS and RDAP help check domain status, registrar information, dates and selected technical data.SSL certificateAn SSL/TLS certificate secures the connection between a browser and a website.Domain registrationDomain registration is buying the right to use a selected internet address for a defined period.Domain transferA domain transfer moves domain management from one registrar to another.AuthInfoAuthInfo is an authorization code used when transferring a domain.NameserverA nameserver stores and serves DNS records for a domain.Anycast DNSAnycast DNS answers DNS queries from multiple network locations.MX recordAn MX record points to mail servers receiving messages for a domain.SPFSPF is a DNS record that lists servers allowed to send e-mail for a domain.DKIMDKIM signs e-mail messages with a cryptographic key published in DNS.DMARCDMARC tells receiving mail servers what to do when SPF or DKIM checks fail.DV certificateA DV certificate confirms control over a domain and enables HTTPS.OV certificateAn OV certificate validates both the domain and basic organization data.EV certificateAn EV certificate requires extended organization validation before issuance.Wildcard SSLWildcard SSL secures a domain and many first-level subdomains.LiteSpeed CacheLiteSpeed Cache speeds up websites, especially WordPress sites.PHPPHP is a programming language used by many websites and CMS platforms.MySQLMySQL is a popular database engine for websites and web applications.Website backupA website backup is a copy of files, databases and configuration needed for recovery.WordPress hostingWordPress hosting is web hosting tuned for the WordPress CMS.Business e-mail in your own domainBusiness e-mail in your own domain uses addresses such as office@example.com.RedisRedis is a fast in-memory data store used as application cache, session storage or a queue helper.Let's EncryptLet's Encrypt is a public certificate authority issuing free TLS/SSL certificates through ACME.ZeroSSLZeroSSL is a service for issuing DV SSL/TLS certificates, often automated through ACME.CMC certificateA CMC certificate is used with BIMI for a brand mark that may not be a classic registered trademark.VMC certificateA VMC certificate is used with BIMI to validate a registered brand mark.E-mail spoofingE-mail spoofing is impersonating a sender, domain or organization through forged message elements.GDPRGDPR is the EU regulation governing personal-data protection and processing.NIS2NIS2 is an EU directive strengthening cybersecurity requirements for essential and important entities.MariaDBMariaDB is a database engine compatible with the MySQL ecosystem.MySQL 8MySQL 8 is a modern version of the popular MySQL database engine.SpamBoxSpamBox is a separate e-mail quarantine for suspicious messages.Antivirus heuristicsAntivirus heuristics detect suspicious patterns even before a ready-made signature exists.BIMIBIMI helps display a brand logo next to e-mail messages in mailbox providers that support it.PHP-FPMPHP-FPM is a PHP process manager that helps serve web applications faster and more reliably.OPcacheOPcache keeps compiled PHP code in memory so applications do not compile the same code on every request.A recordAn A record points a domain or subdomain to an IPv4 address used by a web or mail service.AAAA recordAn AAAA record points a domain or subdomain to an IPv6 address.CNAME recordA CNAME record creates a DNS alias that points one hostname to another hostname.TXT recordA TXT record stores text data in DNS, often for SPF, DKIM, DMARC and service verification.DNS zone fileA DNS zone file contains the records that describe how a domain routes web, mail and technical services.DNS zone transferA DNS zone transfer copies DNS records between name servers, usually from a primary server to a secondary server.TTLTTL defines how long DNS resolvers may keep a record in cache before asking again.DNS propagationDNS propagation is the period in which changed DNS records become visible across networks and resolvers.Forward DNSForward DNS resolves a hostname to an IP address or another technical service record.Reverse DNSReverse DNS maps an IP address back to a hostname and is especially important for mail reputation.FQDNAn FQDN is the complete and unambiguous domain name of a host in DNS.Host recordA host record is a DNS entry that assigns a specific hostname to an address or service.Round robin DNSRound robin DNS rotates answers between several addresses to distribute traffic.GeoDNSGeoDNS returns DNS answers based on the user's location, network or routing policy.SubdomainA subdomain is a separate name under a domain, such as shop.example.com or panel.example.com.DNS delegationDNS delegation tells the internet which name servers are responsible for a domain.Addon domainAn addon domain lets a separate website run inside the same hosting account.Alias domainAn alias domain points an additional domain name to the same website or service.Parked domainA parked domain is reserved or pointed to a simple page without a full independent website.Domain registrarA domain registrar manages domain registration, renewals, transfers and registrant data.Domain registryA domain registry operates the central database for a TLD such as .pl, .eu or .com.TLDA TLD is the domain ending, for example .pl, .eu, .com or .org.ccTLDA ccTLD is a country-code domain extension assigned to a country or territory.gTLDA gTLD is a generic domain extension such as .com, .net, .org or a newer industry extension.Premium domainA premium domain has special pricing or conditions set by the registry or TLD operator.IDN domainAn IDN domain can include national characters instead of only basic ASCII letters.EPP codeAn EPP code is an authorization code used when transferring many domain names.Grace periodA grace period is the time after domain expiration when recovery or renewal may still be possible.Domain redemptionDomain redemption is a post-expiration state where restoring a domain may require extra procedures or fees.WHOIS privacyWHOIS privacy limits public exposure of registrant data where registry rules allow it.ApacheApache is a web server used for websites, .htaccess rules and URL rewriting.NginxNginx is a high-performance web server and reverse proxy used to handle web traffic efficiently.Web serverA web server receives browser requests and returns files, dynamic pages or application responses.Shared hostingShared hosting runs many accounts on the same infrastructure with resource isolation.Reseller hostingReseller hosting lets a provider or agency sell hosting under its own brand.Managed hostingManaged hosting includes provider support for security, configuration, updates and backups.Cloud hostingCloud hosting uses virtualized infrastructure and several service layers instead of one physical machine.Dedicated serverA dedicated server is assigned to one customer or organization.Bare metalBare metal means a physical server without a shared virtualization layer.VPSA VPS is a virtual private server with more control than ordinary shared hosting.Virtual hostA virtual host lets one web server serve several domains or websites.HostnameA hostname is the technical network name used by a server, mail system or service.Root directoryThe root directory is the top-level folder of an account, site or application environment.WebrootThe webroot is the folder from which a web server publishes website files.Index fileAn index file is the default page loaded when a visitor opens a domain or folder.cPanelcPanel is a hosting control panel for files, mailboxes, domains, DNS, SSL and databases.WHMWHM is an administration panel used to manage cPanel hosting accounts and reseller services.Control panelA control panel lets users manage hosting tasks without editing server configuration manually.File managerA file manager lets users upload, download, edit and organize website files in a browser.WebmailWebmail lets users read and send e-mail through a browser.SMTPSMTP is the protocol used to send e-mail through a mail server.IMAPIMAP synchronizes mail between the server, phones, computers and webmail.POP3POP3 downloads mail from the server to a mail client and is still used in simpler setups.Email aliasAn email alias is an additional address that delivers messages to an existing mailbox.Email forwardingEmail forwarding automatically sends messages from one address to another.AutoresponderAn autoresponder sends an automatic reply to incoming messages.Catch-allCatch-all mail receives messages sent to non-existing addresses in a domain when enabled.Mailing listA mailing list lets one list address send messages to many subscribers.Mail serverA mail server sends, receives, filters and stores e-mail messages.Mail queueA mail queue stores messages waiting for delivery or retry.Email deliverabilityEmail deliverability describes whether messages reach the inbox, spam folder or get rejected.Transactional emailTransactional email is an automated application message such as a password reset or order confirmation.Spam filterA spam filter detects suspicious or unwanted e-mail and can reject, quarantine or mark it.BlacklistA blacklist contains IP addresses, domains or senders with poor reputation.GreylistingGreylisting temporarily delays mail acceptance to filter simple spam attempts.PhishingPhishing impersonates a trusted person or company to steal data or access.MalwareMalware is harmful software that can infect websites, mailboxes, hosting accounts or user devices.Malware scanA malware scan checks files for suspicious code, backdoors, web shells and unexpected changes.WAFA WAF protects web applications from malicious requests, form abuse and known exploit patterns.FirewallA firewall controls network traffic and can allow, limit or block connections.Firewall ruleA firewall rule defines what traffic should be accepted, limited or blocked.CSF/LFDCSF/LFD monitors suspicious logins and traffic and can temporarily block IP addresses.Imunify360Imunify360 combines web protection, firewalling, malware scanning, IP reputation and self-unblock tools.CXSCXS scans server files for exploits, web shells and suspicious modifications.Horde FirewallHorde Firewall correlates threat signals from many servers and distributes IP intelligence between nodes.SecDNSSecDNS protects DNS and domain infrastructure against abuse and dangerous traffic patterns.Brute forceBrute force is an attack based on repeated login or password guessing attempts.CAPTCHACAPTCHA helps distinguish a real human from automation in forms and security workflows.Two-factor authenticationTwo-factor authentication adds a second login factor to reduce the risk of password-only compromise.TokenA token is a piece of data used for sessions, authorization, APIs or operation confirmation.SSHSSH provides encrypted command-line access to a server or hosting account.SSH keyAn SSH key enables secure authentication and deployments without using a normal password.OpenSSLOpenSSL is a toolkit and library family used for TLS, certificates and encryption.TLSTLS is the encryption protocol behind HTTPS, secure mail and many other network services.SSL/TLS handshakeThe SSL/TLS handshake negotiates the encrypted connection between a client and a server.HSTSHSTS tells browsers to use HTTPS for a domain after the policy is enabled.Free SSLFree SSL enables HTTPS without buying a commercial DV certificate.SAN certificateA SAN certificate secures several domain names in one SSL/TLS certificate.CSRA CSR is a certificate signing request used when issuing an SSL/TLS certificate.HTTP/HTTPSHTTP and HTTPS are browser-to-server protocols, with HTTPS adding encryption.HTTP/2HTTP/2 improves page loading by using connections more efficiently.HTTP/3HTTP/3 uses QUIC to reduce latency and improve reliability for modern web traffic.QUICQUIC is the transport protocol used by HTTP/3 for faster and more resilient web connections.CacheCache stores prepared data or responses so repeated requests can be served faster.Browser cacheBrowser cache stores static assets such as CSS, JavaScript and images on the user's device.Edge cacheEdge cache keeps content closer to users, usually inside a CDN or edge infrastructure.Object cacheObject cache stores application objects or query results to reduce database load.VarnishVarnish is an HTTP caching layer used to speed up website responses.MemcachedMemcached is an in-memory cache used to reduce database and application load.Gzip compressionGzip compression reduces HTTP response size and speeds up transfer.Image optimizationImage optimization reduces image weight without unnecessary loss of visual quality.Core Web VitalsCore Web Vitals are Google metrics for loading speed, responsiveness and layout stability.Load timeLoad time describes how quickly a visitor can see and use a web page.LatencyLatency is the delay between sending a request and receiving a response.Load balancingLoad balancing distributes traffic across several servers or services for better capacity and resilience.Load testingLoad testing simulates traffic to see how a site behaves under heavier use.PHP workerA PHP worker handles one PHP request, and worker capacity affects concurrent application traffic.PHP concurrencyPHP concurrency describes how many PHP requests can run at the same time.Data transferData transfer is the amount of data sent between a server, visitors and other services.BandwidthBandwidth describes how much data can be transferred in a given time.Bandwidth limitA bandwidth limit restricts available transfer or throughput for a service.UptimeUptime is the period when a website, server or service is available.DowntimeDowntime is the period when a website or service cannot be reached.MonitoringMonitoring continuously checks availability, performance and errors.Access logAn access log records requests sent to a web server and helps diagnose traffic.Error logAn error log records application, PHP, web server or configuration problems.Log rotationLog rotation archives and organizes log files so they do not consume excessive storage.HTMLHTML defines the structure of a web page, including headings, links, forms and images.CSSCSS controls layout, colors, spacing, typography and responsiveness of page elements.JavaScriptJavaScript adds interactivity to websites and web applications.AJAXAJAX lets a page send or receive data without a full page reload.JSONJSON is a lightweight data format commonly used by APIs and web applications.JSON-LDJSON-LD is a structured data format used in SEO and schema.org markup.XMLXML is a structured data format used in integrations, configuration and information exchange.YAMLYAML is a human-readable configuration format used by developer and automation tools.APIAn API lets systems communicate and automate operations without manual clicking.UAPIUAPI is a cPanel interface for automating hosting-account functions.WHM APIWHM API automates administrative and reseller operations in cPanel/WHM environments.WebhookA webhook notifies another system when an event happens.EndpointAn endpoint is a specific API or service address that receives requests.GraphQLGraphQL is an API query method where the client asks for the fields it needs.OAuthOAuth authorizes application access without sharing a user's password.JWTJWT is a signed token used to carry session or user information.CronCron runs scheduled tasks such as scripts, backups or periodic mail jobs.CLICLI is a text-based command interface used for administration and diagnostics.TerminalA terminal provides command-line access to system and developer tools.GitGit tracks code changes and makes deployment and rollback safer.Version controlVersion control stores file history and helps develop projects safely.ComposerComposer manages PHP libraries and application dependencies.mod_rewritemod_rewrite changes URL handling and redirects in Apache..htaccess.htaccess applies local Apache rules for redirects, cache and security.MIMEMIME describes the type of a file or message part sent by a server, browser or mail system.CookieA cookie stores small browser-side data for sessions, preferences and logins.SessionA session keeps user state between requests to an application.Query stringA query string contains URL parameters after the question mark.RedirectA redirect automatically sends a visitor or search crawler from one URL to another.URL rewriteURL rewrite changes how URLs look without requiring matching physical files.Error 404Error 404 means the requested page or file was not found.Error 500Error 500 means an internal application or server error occurred while handling a request.Web formA web form collects user input and passes it to an application or mail workflow.Form handlerA form handler validates submitted data and performs the requested action.DatabaseA database stores content, users, settings, orders and application data.phpMyAdminphpMyAdmin manages MySQL or MariaDB databases through a browser.PostgreSQLPostgreSQL is a relational database used by more advanced applications.Node.jsNode.js runs JavaScript on the server side and powers many web applications.PythonPython is used for applications, automation, scripts and developer tools.RubyRuby is a programming language used in web applications and automation.PerlPerl is a scripting language still found in older web applications and server tools.CGICGI lets a web server execute scripts for dynamic responses.FastCGIFastCGI improves dynamic application execution compared with classic CGI.CMSA CMS manages website content without editing code manually.WordPressWordPress is a popular CMS for business sites, blogs, shops and content services.WordPress hardeningWordPress hardening reduces the risk of WordPress compromise through safer configuration.WordPress MultisiteWordPress Multisite runs several sites from one WordPress installation.WooCommerceWooCommerce adds online shop functions to WordPress.PrestaShopPrestaShop is an e-commerce system based on PHP and a database.JoomlaJoomla is a CMS used for websites and web portals.DrupalDrupal is a CMS often chosen for larger and more structured content services.NextcloudNextcloud stores, synchronizes and shares files, documents and collaboration data.InstallatronInstallatron automates installation, updates and backups for popular web applications.WP ToolkitWP Toolkit helps manage WordPress updates, security and backups.SiteProSitePro helps build websites with a visual builder, including AI-assisted content features.BackupA backup is a copy of data needed to restore a website, mailbox or configuration after a problem.Incremental backupAn incremental backup stores only data changed since the previous backup.Backup retentionBackup retention defines how long backup copies are kept.Offsite backupAn offsite backup is stored away from the primary service location.SnapshotA snapshot is a point-in-time copy of a system, data set or virtual machine.RPORPO defines how much data loss is acceptable after an incident.FailoverFailover switches a service to a backup component when the primary component fails.RedundancyRedundancy duplicates infrastructure components to avoid a single point of failure.ReplicationReplication copies data between systems for availability, performance or safety.RAIDRAID combines disks to improve resilience, performance or both.Disk spaceDisk space is the amount of storage available for files, mail, backups and databases.SSDSSD is fast solid-state storage without moving parts.NVMeNVMe is a high-speed SSD standard with strong input/output performance.IOPSIOPS measures how many storage operations can be completed per second.WebDiskWebDisk lets hosting storage work as a network drive through WebDAV.WebDAVWebDAV enables remote file access through a protocol supported by many systems and apps.CardDAVCardDAV synchronizes contacts between a server, phone and mail applications.CalDAVCalDAV synchronizes calendars between a server, phone and applications.IP addressAn IP address identifies a device or service on a network.IPv6IPv6 is the newer IP addressing system with a very large address space.Dedicated IPA dedicated IP is assigned to a particular customer, service or hosting account.Static IPA static IP does not change dynamically and simplifies access and service configuration.BGPBGP controls routing between large internet networks.RouterA router forwards packets between networks and decides where traffic goes next.TracerouteTraceroute shows the network path between a client and a server.PingPing checks basic connectivity and delay to a host.Packet lossPacket loss means some network data does not reach its destination.Inbound trafficInbound traffic is data arriving at a server or service.Outbound trafficOutbound traffic is data sent from a server to users or other systems.Open portAn open port accepts connections to a specific network service.NATNAT translates private addresses to public addresses and back.VPNA VPN creates an encrypted tunnel to a network or service.AnalyticsAnalytics is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Application monitoringApplication monitoring is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Application-level optimizationApplication-level optimization is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.AuthenticationAuthentication describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Auto-installerAuto-installer is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Auto-scalingAuto-scaling is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Availability zoneAvailability zone is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Bare metal serverBare metal server is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.BotBot is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Bridge networkBridge network describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.BrowserBrowser is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Brute force attackBrute force attack describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Burstable bandwidthBurstable bandwidth is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.CDNA CDN serves static content from nodes closer to visitors, reducing latency and load on the origin server.ChecksumChecksum is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.ClientClient is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Client isolationClient isolation is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.ClusterCluster is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.CompressionCompression is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Connection timeoutConnection timeout describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.ContainerContainer is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Cron jobA cron job runs scheduled tasks such as backups, imports, cleanups or reports at defined times.DDoSDDoS is an attack that floods a service with traffic from many sources to exhaust capacity or availability.DirectoryDirectory is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.DNS propagation windowDNS propagation window is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.DRaaS (Disaster Recovery as a Service)DRaaS (Disaster Recovery as a Service) describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.E-commerce hostingE-commerce hosting is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Edge networkEdge network describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Egress trafficEgress traffic describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Email deliverability layerEmail deliverability layer is a mail-related concept used when configuring domains, mailboxes, delivery and message filtering.Email hostingEmail hosting provides mailboxes, SMTP, IMAP, POP3, filtering and related mail services for a domain.EncryptionEncryption describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Environment parityEnvironment parity is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Exit nodeExit node is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.FailbackFailback describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.File permissionFile permission is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.FrontendFrontend is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.FTPFTP is a file transfer protocol used to upload and download website files, often replaced today by safer variants such as SFTP.G Suite (Google Workspace)G Suite (Google Workspace) is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.GatewayGateway describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Gigabyte (GB)Gigabyte (GB) is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Global load balancerGlobal load balancer is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.GUIGUI is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.High Availability (HA)High Availability (HA) is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Hosting planHosting plan is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.HotlinkingHotlinking describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Hybrid cloudHybrid cloud is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.HypervisorHypervisor is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.IaaSIaaS is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.IMAP/POP3IMAP/POP3 is a mail-related concept used when configuring domains, mailboxes, delivery and message filtering.IndexingIndexing is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Infrastructure migration windowInfrastructure migration window describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.Infrastructure monitoringInfrastructure monitoring is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Infrastructure ownership boundaryInfrastructure ownership boundary is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Infrastructure technical debtInfrastructure technical debt describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.InstanceInstance is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Isolated WordPress instanceIsolated WordPress instance is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Jail ShellJail Shell is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.JavaJava is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.Java servletJava servlet is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.Job queueJob queue is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Journal fileJournal file is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.jQueryjQuery is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.JSP (JavaServer Pages)JSP (JavaServer Pages) is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.Jump serverJump server is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.K8sK8s is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Kbps (Kilobits per Second)Kbps (Kilobits per Second) is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Key pairKey pair is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.KeepaliveKeepalive describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.KernelKernel is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.Kernel panicKernel panic describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.KibanaKibana is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.KiloByte (KB)KiloByte (KB) is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Knowledge baseKnowledge base describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Kubernetes clusterKubernetes cluster is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.KeywordKeyword is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.KVMKVM is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.LAMP stackLAMP stack is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.LinuxLinux is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Linux hostingLinux hosting is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Load averageLoad average is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.LocalhostLocalhost describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Loopback addressLoopback address describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Managed staging environmentManaged staging environment describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.Managed VPSManaged VPS is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Managed WordPress hostingManaged WordPress hosting is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Manual backupManual backup describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.MetadataMetadata is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.MiddlewareMiddleware is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.MigrationMigration describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.Mount pointMount point is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Multi-TenancyMulti-Tenancy is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.NamespaceNamespace is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Network latencyNetwork latency is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.NICNIC describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.NOCNOC describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.NodeNode is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.NTPNTP describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Null routeNull route describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Object storageObject storage is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.On-premise serverOn-premise server is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Open sourceOpen source is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Operational overheadOperational overhead is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.OrchestrationOrchestration is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Origin serverOrigin server is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Outbound EmailOutbound Email is a mail-related concept used when configuring domains, mailboxes, delivery and message filtering.Overage feesOverage fees is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Patch managementPatch management describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Performance optimization stackPerformance optimization stack is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.PaaSPaaS is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Platform-level cachingPlatform-level caching is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.PleskPlesk is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Portfolio hostingPortfolio hosting is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Proactive security monitoringProactive security monitoring describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Proxy serverProxy server describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.PIDPID is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.QEMUQEMU is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.QoSQoS describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.QuarantineQuarantine is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.QueryQuery is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.Query cacheQuery cache is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Queue depthQueue depth is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Quick deployQuick deploy describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.Quick installQuick install is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Quick connectQuick connect is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.QuotaQuota is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Quota limitQuota limit is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Rate limitingRate limiting is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Resource contentionResource contention is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Resource isolationResource isolation is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Resource usageResource usage is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Root accessRoot access is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.SANSAN is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.ScalabilityScalability is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Script timeoutScript timeout describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Security patchSecurity patch describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.ServerServer is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Service-level objective (SLO)Service-level objective (SLO) is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Server-level object cachingServer-level object caching is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.SiteMapSiteMap is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.SoftaculousSoftaculous is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.SpamSpam is a mail-related concept used when configuring domains, mailboxes, delivery and message filtering.SPF recordAn SPF record tells receiving mail servers which systems are allowed to send mail for a domain.Staging-to-production workflowStaging-to-production workflow describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.SyslogSyslog is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.TemplateTemplate is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.TFTPTFTP is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.ThreadThread is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.ThrottleThrottle is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Total cost of ownershipTotal cost of ownership is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.TrafficTraffic describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.TunnelingTunneling describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Unmanaged hostingUnmanaged hosting is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.UnzipUnzip is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Update cycleUpdate cycle describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.UpgradeUpgrade describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.UPSUPS is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Upstream serverUpstream server describes networking, routing, data flow or connections between services.Uptime guaranteeUptime guarantee is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.URLURL is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.User agentUser agent is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.UUIDUUID is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.VersioningVersioning is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.Vertical scalingVertical scaling is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Virtual machine (VM)Virtual machine (VM) is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.VirtualizationVirtualization is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Visitor logsVisitor logs is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.VLANVLAN is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.VolumeVolume is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.VPCVPC is an infrastructure concept used in server, cloud or virtualization environments for web services.Vulnerability scanVulnerability scan describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Web server logWeb server log is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.WebalizerWebalizer is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.WebsiteWebsite is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.WebSocketWebSocket is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.WHOISWHOIS is a lookup service for registration and technical information about domain names.WPA2WPA2 describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.X-Content-Type-OptionsX-Content-Type-Options describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.X-Forwarded-ForX-Forwarded-For is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.X-Frame-OptionsX-Frame-Options describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.X-Originating-IPX-Originating-IP is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.X-Rate-LimitX-Rate-Limit is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.X-Request-IDX-Request-ID is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.X-UA-CompatibleX-UA-Compatible is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.XAMPPXAMPP is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.XAMPP control panelXAMPP control panel is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.XHTMLXHTML is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.XPathXPath is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.YAML Front MatterYAML Front Matter is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.YARNYARN is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Yield optimizationYield optimization is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.Yield statementYield statement is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.YottabyteYottabyte is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.YouTube EmbedYouTube Embed is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.YSlowYSlow is related to speed, response time and efficient resource usage in hosting environments.YubikeyYubikey describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Zend EngineZend Engine is a developer or administration concept used when building and maintaining web applications.Zero-day exploitZero-day exploit describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.Zero-downtime deploymentZero-downtime deployment describes continuity, backup, migration or safe deployment processes for hosted services.Zero downtimeZero downtime is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Zero trustZero trust describes account protection, traffic filtering, vulnerability handling or secure operation of services.ZFSZFS is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.ZippingZipping is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.ZIP fileZIP file is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Zombie processZombie process is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Zonal redundancyZonal redundancy is a hosting concept connected with servers, websites and everyday operation of internet services.Zone fileA zone file contains DNS records for a domain or DNS zone.Zone transferA zone transfer copies DNS zone data from one name server to another.link profileA link profile is a set of links leading from other websites to a given domain. It affects the SEO credibility of the website, but is not a hosting function. On Hostilla's side, we take care of the technical basics: website availability, SSL, DNS, speed and security. Link building and link quality assessment is an area of SEO/marketing.GitHubGitHub is a platform for code storage and collaboration using Git. It can be used as a website or application repository. On cPanel hosting, you can deploy code manually via SSH/FTP or via Git functions if enabled on the server.penetration testingPenetration testing is a controlled examination of the vulnerabilities of an application or infrastructure. The client can test his own application, but aggressive scanning of shared hosting, ports or server services should be agreed with the administration in advance so that it is not treated as an attack and blocked by CSF/Imunify360.man in the middleMan in the middle is an attack in which a third party intercepts or modifies communications between a user and a server. The basic protection is a correct SSL/TLS certificate, HTTPS enforcement and secure email settings. In Hostilla, the certificate can be managed via AutoSSL/ZeroSSL or manually in cPanel.clickbaitClickbait is a title or thumbnail designed primarily to force clicks, often at the expense of the accuracy of the content. Hosting does not evaluate marketing content, but overuse of clickbait can reduce user trust and increase reports of spam or abuse.lazy loadingLazy loading means images, iframes, or other elements are delayed in loading only as the user approaches them on the page. Reduces the initial page size and can improve loading speed. On Hostilla, this can be implemented in a theme, a cache plugin, or directly in HTML.paid search resultsPaid search results are ads that appear on a search engine, usually paid for clicks or conversions. They are not part of SEO and do not result from hosting settings. Hosting has an indirect impact: a website advertised in Google Ads should work quickly, have SSL and correct redirections.SEO backendSEO infrastructure is a network of pages created to support the positioning of other domains, most often through linking. It can be used legally or spammyly. Hostilla does not advise on the construction of link facilities, but enforces regulations regarding spam, malware, phishing and resource abuse.lintingLinting is the automatic checking of code for syntax errors, style errors, and simple quality issues. It does not fix application logic, but helps detect errors before deployment to hosting. Lintery runs locally, in CI/CD or via SSH if the account has the required tools.sponsored articleA sponsored article is a paid publication on an external website, blog or portal. It can build brand recognition and traffic, and in SEO it requires proper marking of links, e.g. sponsored ones. The hosting ensures the operation of the landing page, but is not responsible for the content or broadcasting of the article.briefA brief is a short document describing the purpose, scope, requirements and expectations of the project. For a website, it may include domain, CMS, features, email, integrations, expected traffic, and security requirements. A well-prepared brief makes it easier to select a hosting package and migrate.cloakingCloaking is showing different content to search engine robots than to users. In SEO, this is a risky technique and can lead to penalties. In security, malware uses a similar mechanism: to the administrator, the website looks normal, but the user or bot sees spam. In this case, you need to scan and clean the files.disavow toolDisavow Tool is a Google tool for reporting links that the site owner does not want to be taken into account when rating the domain. It is used with caution, usually after analyzing the link profile. This is not a hosting or cPanel feature; concerns SEO management in Google Search Console.Google filterGoogle filter is a colloquial term for a decrease in website visibility resulting from algorithmic or manual actions by Google. The reasons may be spammy links, low-quality content, malware or technical indexation problems. Hosting helps with technical aspects: SSL, availability, DNS, malware and server errors.dwell timeDwell time is the time between clicking on a result in a search engine and the user returning to the results. It is used as an analytical and UX concept, but should not be considered an official, simple ranking metric. Hosting has an indirect effect because a slow or malfunctioning website shortens the session.in-stream advertisingIn-stream ads are video ads that appear before, during or after a video, e.g. on YouTube. The hosting does not support the display of such advertisements, but is responsible for the landing page: speed, SSL, forms and correct measurement of conversions.responsive display adsResponsive display ads are ads in which the advertising system automatically adjusts the layout from uploaded assets: headlines, text, images, logos and videos. On the Hostilla side, it is important that the landing page is fast, accessible via HTTPS and measures events correctly.Facebook pixelFacebook pixel, currently Meta Pixel, is a code that tracks events on the website, e.g. visits, adding to cart or purchasing. It is implemented in the website code, via Google Tag Manager or a CMS plug-in. The hosting does not manage campaigns, but it must serve the website correctly and not block analytical scripts.RankBrainRankBrain is part of Google's systems that uses machine learning to better understand queries and match results. It is not configured on hosting. Practically, this means that the website should have useful content, good structure, speed of operation and no technical errors.Easter eggAn Easter egg is a hidden feature, joke or interaction embedded in an app or website. There are no special hosting requirements as long as the code is secure and does not overload the server.exploitAn exploit is code or a method that exploits a vulnerability in an application, plugin, theme, or system. The result may be website hijacking, spam sending, or malware being added. At Hostilla, risk is mitigated by CMS updates, Imunify360, CXS/WAF, account separation, and file scanning.SWOTSWOT is an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. When choosing a hosting, you can use it to compare costs, performance, security, support, scalability and migration risks.TrueView in-stream adsTrueView in-stream ads are a video ad format in the Google/YouTube ecosystem where the ad can appear before, during or after a video and can often be skipped after a few seconds. Hostilla does not run ads, but the hosting must properly support the campaign landing page.Google AssistantGoogle Assistant is Google's voice and contextual service. Correct content, structured data, responsiveness, speed and security of the website are important to the website owner. It is not a cPanel module, but the technical quality of hosting affects how users perceive the website.SWLSWL, i.e. link exchange system, is a mechanism for mass linking between websites. In practice, this is a risky SEO technique and may be considered spam. Hostilla hosting should not run backends that are used for abuse, spam, phishing or malware distribution.Demand GenDemand Gen is a type of advertising campaigns aimed at building demand and acquiring customers on Google's visual channels, such as YouTube, Discover and Gmail. On the Hostilla side, an efficient landing page, SSL, correct forms and conversion analytics are important.XSSXSS is a vulnerability that allows JavaScript code to be injected into a page viewed by other users. It may lead to session theft, redirects or content modification. Protection consists of application updates, input filtering, security headers and WAF/Imunify360.PUPPUP stands for potentially unwanted program. It is not always a classic virus, but it can install add-ons, track the user, display ads or change settings. In hosting, the topic mainly concerns infected files, email attachments and scripts uploaded to the account.CPVCPV stands for the cost of viewing a video ad. This is the billing model or metric used in video campaigns. Hosting doesn't directly impact CPV, but a slow or unavailable landing page can degrade campaign performance.GooglebotGooglebot is a Google robot that visits websites to index them. If a website blocks Googlebot in robots.txt, due to a firewall, 403/503 errors or too slow responses, it may have visibility problems. In Hostilla you can check logs, domain availability, DNS and block settings.incognito modeIncognito mode is a browser mode without the use of typical history, cookies and part of the saved session. It is useful to check whether the problem with the panel, website or webmail is caused by the cache, cookies or the logged-in user account. However, it does not hide the traffic from the Internet operator or server.SDLCSDLC is the software development lifecycle: planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment and maintenance. In the context of hosting, the most important stages are implementation, backup, monitoring, updating and responding to application errors.BCC"Bcc stands for ""Bcc."" Recipients entered in the BCC receive the message, but their addresses are not visible to other recipients. This is a good solution when sending to many people because it protects the privacy of addresses. However, it does not replace the newsletter system or marketing consents."ScrumScrum is an agile way of organizing work on a product. Work is divided into short iterations, usually sprints, and the team regularly plans, reviews and improves activities. Hosting may be part of the implementation, testing and maintenance plan, but Scrum is not a cPanel feature.regression testingRegression testing checks whether previous features still work after changes to the application. In the case of CMSs, it is worth doing them after updating PHP, plugins, theme or WordPress/PrestaShop itself. A good place to test is clone/staging from Installatron.TOTPTOTP is a one-time code generated every few dozen seconds in an application such as Google Authenticator, Microsoft Authenticator or 1Password. It is used for 2FA. In Hostilla, it is worth using TOTP for the client panel, cPanel and webmail, if the service has 2FA support enabled.PoCPoC, or proof of concept, is simple proof that an idea, vulnerability or integration works in practice. In security, PoC can show how vulnerabilities are exploited, and in web projects - confirm the feasibility of a function before full implementation.feature toggleFeature toggle is a feature toggle in an application that allows you to enable or disable a new feature without deploying a new version of the code. It is useful for testing, gradual implementation of changes and quick rollback of a problematic feature.bug bountyA bug bounty is a program for reporting vulnerabilities in exchange for a reward or recognition. If a client runs such a program for their hosted application, they should clearly define the scope of testing. Tests cannot cover Hostilla infrastructure without consent and agreed scope.white hat SEOWhite hat SEO means activities in accordance with search engine guidelines: valuable content, correct structure, speed, accessibility, links acquired naturally and no hidden manipulations. On the hosting side, stability, SSL, correct redirections, no malware and good performance help.growth hackingGrowth hacking is the rapid testing of ideas to increase the number of users, leads or sales. It combines marketing, analytics, product and automation. Hosting is the technical base: it must maintain the landing page, forms, analytics, A/B tests and traffic spikes.SPASPA, or single page application, is a web application in which most interactions work in the browser without reloading entire subpages. SPA files can often be hosted as a static build in public_html, but the backend API, SSR or websockets may require Node.js, VPS or separate configuration.Domain RatingDomain Rating is an external indicator of the popularity and strength of a domain's link profile used by SEO tools. It is not an official Google parameter and is not counted by hosting. Hostilla can help on the technical side, but the DR value itself depends on the links and methodology of the tool.MozRankMozRank is a metric used by Moz tools to evaluate a page's popularity based on links. Nowadays, other metrics are more common, such as Domain Authority or competitive tool metrics. Hosting does not directly affect MozRank, apart from the technical availability and quality of the site.Keyword PlannerKeyword Planner is a tool for checking phrase suggestions, competition and estimated traffic in Google Ads campaigns. It can also help with SEO content planning. It is not a hosting feature, but campaign results direct users to a website hosted on the server.external linkingExternal linking refers to links leading from one domain to another. It can help users and SEO if the links are natural, topical and valuable. Massive or spammy linking can be harmful. The hosting does not manage links, but responds to spam, phishing and abuse.hreflangHreflang is a marking in HTML, headers or sitemaps that informs search engines about language or regional versions of the same content. It helps direct the user to the correct version of the page. The implementation is done in the CMS, theme, SEO plugin or sitemap, not in cPanel.bidding strategiesBidding strategies are how the advertising system determines the cost of a click, impression, view, or conversion. Examples include manual CPC, maximize conversions, or target ROAS. Hosting affects indirectly through the speed and reliability of the landing page.OWASPOWASP is a community and set of resources for web application security. The most famous is the OWASP Top 10 list, i.e. typical risk classes, e.g. incorrect access control, XSS vulnerabilities or SQL injections. When hosting, it is worth combining OWASP good practices with updates and WAF.TTFBTTFB, i.e. Time To First Byte, is the time from sending the request by the browser to receiving the first byte of the response from the server. A high TTFB may be due to slow PHP, database, lack of cache, external APIs or load. Diagnosis starts with cache, logs, PHP X-Ray and tests without plugins.HTTPHTTP is a browser communication protocol with a web server. Currently, the standard is HTTPS, i.e. HTTP secured with an SSL/TLS certificate. In Hostilla, certificates can be handled via AutoSSL/ZeroSSL or manually, and the HTTP→HTTPS redirection is set in cPanel or .htaccess.Backbone.jsBackbone.js is a legacy JavaScript library for building frontend applications with a data model, views, and routing. From a hosting perspective, Backbone.js files are regular static files. If the application needs an API, the backend must run separately in PHP, Node.js or another technology.JAMstackJAMstack is an approach in which a website is built from JavaScript, API and statically generated files. The finished build can often be placed in public_html. Dynamic functions, e.g. forms, payments or user panel, usually use an external API or a separate backend application.SvelteSvelte is a JavaScript framework for building interfaces and web applications. Svelte's static build can be hosted like a regular website. SSR modes or SvelteKit backend applications may require Node.js, an application process, or a VPS.CakePHPCakePHP is a PHP framework for building web applications. It may work on cPanel if the account has a compatible PHP version, required extensions, Composer and a correctly set public directory. Configuration is performed on the application side, not by Installatron, unless the application is a ready-made script.backend developerA backend developer is a programmer responsible for server-side logic: API, databases, authorization, integrations, payments, queues and security. On Hostilla, the backend can run e.g. in PHP/MySQL on cPanel, and more unusual technologies may require a VPS.backendThe backend is the part of the application that runs on the server side. Responsible for logic, database, security and communication with the frontend. In cPanel hosting, the most common backend is PHP connected to MySQL/MariaDB, and the configuration includes the PHP version, extensions, crons, file rights and database.SymfonySymfony is a popular PHP framework for building web applications and APIs. It may work on cPanel if the correct version of PHP, Composer, required extensions and the ability to set a public directory are available. For production, it is worth configuring the cache, prod environment and cron/worker according to the application requirements.AssemblyAssembly is a low-level language close to processor instructions. It is used in embedded systems, optimization, drivers, and security analysis. It is not a typical technology used to run websites on cPanel hosting.data scienceData science is the analysis of data, modeling and drawing conclusions from data using statistics, programming and machine learning. Simple scripts can run on hosting, but heavier calculations, lengthy processes and ML libraries usually require a VPS, dedicated server or compute environment.B2BB2B stands for business to business, i.e. a sales or cooperation model between companies. In an online store, it can mean wholesale price lists, corporate accounts, credit limits, invoices, ERP integrations and individual terms. Hosting ensures the operation of the platform, but the B2B logic is in the store application.C2CC2C stands for consumer to consumer, a model in which users sell or exchange things among themselves. An example is a marketplace or advertising website. Hosting maintains the application, while payments, moderation, user accounts and regulations are functions of the website itself.refactoringRefactoring is organizing and rebuilding code without changing the visible operation of the application. The goal is easier maintenance, efficiency and lower risk of errors. Before refactoring, it is worth making a backup, working in the Git repository and testing changes in staging.MyBBMyBB is an online forum software based on PHP and MySQL. On cPanel hosting, they can be run once the PHP and database version requirements are met. Updates, spam protection, captcha, mail sending limits and regular backups are important for forums.